Prevalence of Candida among Denture Wearers and Nondenture Wearers.

Introduction: A denture wearer is highly prone to develop Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) due to the conversion of the normal oral commensal Candida spp. into a pathogen under favorable conditions. Immuno-compromised status, trauma from the prosthesis, other systemic conditions, and improper maintenance of the dentures by the patient are few of the causative agents which turn the oral balance into an unhealthy and unsuitable foundation for the wearing of the prosthesis. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare subjects wearing complete dentures and nondenture wearers regarding Candida isolates associated with disease and colonization among the different age groups. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 subjects, 30 wearing complete dentures (Group-A) and 30 nondentures wearers (Group-B), were matched for gender, race, and age. The unstimulated saliva sample was collected and cultured in CHROMagar using standard protocols. Results: The mean value of the candidal colony-forming units with respect to Group A is Candida Albicans 0.36 ± 2.008, Candida krusei 0.27 ± 1.061, P value Group B: C. albicans 0.73 ± 2.196, C. krusei 0.36 ± 1.084. There was a significant relation between denture wearers and heavy growth of C. albicans and C. krusei in saliva culture with a P value of P-0.054 and P-0.036, respectively. Conclusions: These results indicate that denture wearers with oral Candida had a higher prevalence of CADS. Patients with removable prostheses should be informed about the importance of proper prosthesis and personal hygiene since dentures and age-related immunosuppression are both well-known risk factors associated with candidiasis development, the presence of yeast, even in healthy denture wearers, should be considered a risk factor for denture stomatitis that increases with the duration of denture use.

Effect of Dietary Amino Acids L-Arginine and Lysine on Implant Osseointegration.

Background: Low protein diets have been linked to decreased bone strength in humans. Arginine and lysine can help improve the healing process and stimulate growth factors. Aim: To evaluate if dietary arginine and lysine combination aids in reducing the time frame for osseo-integration process and bone formation in animal models. Materials and Methods: Controls (Group I) and Experimental (Group II) consisted of twelve New Zealand rabbits. Animals in the experimental group were fed a conventional pellet food, water, and the amino acids L-Lysine and L-Arginine (Biovea, USA), whereas those in the control group were offered a standard diet. In both groups of animals, titanium implants measuring 2.5mm* 6mm were implanted in each tibial osteotomy. At the end of two weeks, four weeks, and eight weeks, the animals were euthanized. The tibial bone was removed and preserved in 1% formalin. The samples were analysed histologically for presence or absence of Necrosis, presence or absence of clot formation, Vascularization, Fibroblast, Osteoblasts and Osteoid Bone growth. Results: Histological outcomes on vascularization, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoid bone growth inferred no significant variation between the control and experimental groups after 8 weeks (P>.05). Conclusion: Vascularity, clot organisation, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and osteoid bone production in the protein fed experimental group animals were better in initial stages of healing when compared to control groups.

Assessment of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life for Complex Mandibular Defects Rehabilitated with Computer-guided Implant Restoration.

The individuals who have been afflicted with mandibular defects involving soft and hard tissue loss are subjected to functional, psychological and social consequences. Rehabilitation is of prime importance in restoring self confidence and improving the quality of life. Complex mandibular defects can be successfully rehabilitated with the three dimensional (3D) computerized diagnostic technique (Simplant-Dentsply sirona implant). one of the important tools for measuring the oral health status by scale knows as oral health impact profile (OHIP). OHIP is a scale particularly designed to measure the quality of life and its influence pertaining to functional and psychological aspects. This report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation posttraumatic mandibular defect with 3D SimPlant software and stereolithography. With the application of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology, guided implant prosthesis could definitely improve masticatory performance and esthetics, thereby enhancing oral health-related quality of life.

Renal replacement therapy in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom: a tri-service perspective.

Experience with delivery of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in support of combat operations by the U.S. military has not been reported since the 1970s. We describe the tri-service military medical experience with RRT in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Through December 31, 2006, RRT was provided to 12 individuals inside the theater of operations. Navy medical personnel provided RRT to three patients (two U.S. active duty service members and one host nation individual) aboard the USNS Comfort, a mobile level 4 hospital. Dialysis was performed using conventional single-pass hemodialysis machines equipped with portable reverse osmosis systems. Army and Air Force medical personnel provided RRT to nine patients in theater (eight host nation patients and one U.S. active duty service member), using peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), not requiring trained renal nurses or technicians. Originally, U.S. military personnel with acute kidney injury (AKI) who were evacuated from theater to Landstuhl Regional Medical Center (LRMC), or those who developed AKI at LRMC were transferred to the German civilian medical system, if RRT was required. After creation of a rapid-response dialysis team and, later, positioning of a full-time active duty reserve nephrologist at LRMC, 16 patients received RRT at LRMC. None had required RRT in theater. Renal failure requiring RRT during combat operations remains an unusual but serious event, calling for flexibility in the provision of care. Notably, the Operation Iraqi Freedom experience has highlighted the needs of injured host nation patients with AKI and future military medical planning will need to account for their intratheater renal care.